TEFL ASSIGNMENT

1.         Why should teachers teach reading, writing, speaking and listening?
because teaching and learning reading, writing, speaking and listening are important, to make students have capability of reading and analyzing, writing, training students to creative in writing and be able to write well. Speaking, children are taught for mastering their confidence in speaking, able to speak and express their ideas, listening, students are taught to listen carefully, so that students should able to receive what was delivered from a soun of his teacher or native speaker.

2.         What are appropriate strategies and materials in teaching reading based on the different levels of student?
For Elementary
- Using fairy tale focus in story telling (textbook material grammar, tenses,etc)
- Using tape or watching dvd, listening various name of Nouns, Verbs, etc
Lower Intermediate
- Gaping Filling
-  Arranging dialogue
Intermediate
- Give question and answer from longer dialogs (native speaker)

3.         What are appropriate strategies and materials in teaching listening to the different levels of student? For elementary, singing. For lower intermediate, using tape. For intermediate, listening the native speaker.
For Elementary
- Using fairy tale focus in story telling
- Using tape or watching dvd, listening various name of Nouns, Verbs, etc

Lower Intermediate
- Gaping Filling
-  Arranging dialogue

Intermediate
- Give question and answer from longer dialogs (native speaker)

4.         What are appropriate strategies and materials in teaching writing for each of students’ level?
(For elementary class) the teacher can use the strategy and methode, by using the white board, writing it a word and ask the student to repeat it, or replace it in their note book.
(For lower intermediate) Exploring names : a free writing activity, This activity is used as an ice-breaker to help students immediately connect their personal identities to larger concepts of history, membership, ethnicity, and nationalism. It is a prop-free activity that can be used to launch a diversity of discussion topics. Students do a 5-minute free write about their names, then discuss what their names say about their identity. During this activity students will: reflect on the meanings of their names make connections between their names and their individual identities, to include family history, national and ethnic origin, and other personal experiences begin to make connections between individual identity and group identity.
(For intermediate) Formal Writing in a Facing History,
Facing History and Ourselves is committed to helping students develop the skills and habits necessary for effective engaged citizenship. The capacity to express ideas through writing helps citizens communicate their ideas and advocate for themselves and their communities.  Writing is also a tool for reflection and meta-cognition. Through writing, students are able to “think about their own thinking.”  We believe that writing in a Facing History classroom embodies specific characteristics, including: Allows opportunity for student voice and choice Values complexity over simple responses Connects history to moral choices today Requires the use of evidence, from history, the humanities, and students’ own lives Encourages students to explore a question, issue or historical event from multiple perspectives For the purpose of this teaching strategy, the use of the term “writing” refers to written work that typically involves a process, including pre-writing, writing/revising, and sharing/assessment.  This writing could be creative, analytic, narrative, or persuasive.  For ideas about informal or “journal” writing (often an important pre-writing step), refer to the teaching strategy Journals in a Facing History Classroom.

5.         What are appropriate strategies and materials in teaching speaking based on the different levels of student?

For elementary
-           Repeat word method
-           Look and say method

For lower intermediate
-           Discussion
-           Recitation

For intermediate
-           Presentation
-           Debate

6.         Why do teachers need to teach listening with various materials?
-           To make listening class enjoyable
-           To make teacher be more creative and inovatif
-           To make their student interest, free from their boredom
-           To effective their  teaching progress, because of it will increasing the student’s motivation.

7.         Being a good teacher is necessary in order to get the teaching and learning process successful. Explain what make a good teacher?
-           to be a good teacher can be done by using teaching methods, teaching strategies and mastering the material to be presented to students.

8.         How should teachers give instruction to students?
-           Teachers are required to be able to control the student in teaching and clear when give any assignment, so that students are able and understood well about the direction  given by teachers, for example in the provision of duty. teachers provide instruction to students in his homework, so he knows and understands his task.

9.         Proximity, appropriacy, movement and contact are the important points teachers should use in relation to their physical presence in class. Elaborate them, please.?
-           Proximity, approach, movements and contacts are important points teachers should use them to maximum their good appearance to increase the interest of students and also  with their physical presence in class. The relationship between the presence of students in the classroom is to make the teacher look friendly to student, because when teacher can reach their attention, will be easy to successing the teaching program.

10.       There are four main reasons for teaching writing, namely reinforcement, language development, learning style, and writing as a skill. Explain them clearly, please.?
Reinforcement
-           When a student need stimulus for their writing progress, the teacher should be continue his effort to give reinforcement by  motivation or reward,etc
Language Developmental
-           Students need to be able to use language appropriately for a broad range of functions and perceive the functions for which others use language.
learning style
-           Students, in fact all individuals, are most effective when they are taught in their personal learning style. In fact, there are three major types of learners: visual, auditory, and tactile/kinesthetic. While most individuals without disabilities can learn using any one of these styles, most people have one for which they show a stronger affinity.
writing as a skill
-           Writing is the productive skill in the written mode. It, too, is more complicated than it seems at first, and often seems to be the hardest of the skills, even for native speakers of a language, since it involves not just a graphic representation of speech, but the development and presentation of thoughts in a structured way.

11.       How important is a lesson plan to a teacher?
•  It is a one step backward two steps forward approach. Although can be difficult to do and requires tonnes of effort to accomplish at first, it enables you to save much time in the coming years, since the lesson plans that you just made can be employed over and over again, but If updates are necessary do so though.
•  It allows you to manage your time, effort and resources efficiently.
•  It gives you a bird’s eye of view of things to be taught and learned everyday.
•  It provides the teacher many ways to keep the teaching process not monotonous and redundant. Keep in mind that the time your students spent in paying attention to the class is just equivalent to half of their age, and a lesson plan is the best way to keep the interests of students and pupils interests all throughout.
•  Since it is like a script in movies, lesson plans makes teaching mundane and easy.
•  It makes you organized whilst teaching.
•  You can able to determine when to insert icebreakers and interesting facts and lessons to keep your student and pupils glued to their lessons.
•  Variations in the activities are easily whipped up which will benefit your students. Bear in mind that you are dealing with a class that has multiple intelligence, and different activities will cater to all types of students and pupils.
•  Lesson plans will easily help you to achieve your goals and objectives, and same can be said on the part of your students or pupils.
•  Lesson plans helps you get rid of problems or avoid them.
•  It gives you a reality check of your everyday performance.
•  It improves the habit and attitude of your students or pupils.
•  It definitely improve your teaching skill

12.       How should teachers use their physical presence in class?

The physical presence of teacher in the class is important for the proper management of the class. The teacher should think carefully about where he/she stands in the room.He/she try to avoid standing or sitting for long periods of time in a position where he/she cannot see the whole class.

13.       Why do teachers need to use different strategies in teaching materials?
Because the teacher need to make sure all students are equally involved in the lesson and give individual attention

14.       In teaching, teachers need to take account for their voice. Their voice must be in audibility, variety and conservtion. Please explain the terms of audibility, variety and conservation.
If your voice does not have the correct clarity, range, variety or projection, you will have a difficult time in making your instruction / explanations understood to all members of the class

Your voice should change naturally according to the circumstances, e.g. individual tutoring lesson or 16 young children. Obviously greater projection will be necessary in a large, noisy classroom than a small quiet room. An effective teacher will also adapt the complexity of his/her language to suit the level and ability of the students.

As a class often follows the lead of the teacher, the lesson can be livened up or quietened down by an alteration in the teacher’s volume.

The greater the variation of the voice, the greater the effectiveness. A dull monotone will only create boredom and lead to students not paying attention and misbehaving.

15.       Find a strategy or a method, then describe the steps to apply the strategy or the method in teaching listening, writing, reading or speaking. (Consider one skill that is appropriate to the strategy or to the method).
-gap filling = filling in the blanks in accordance with sound recording arranging dialogue (for listening, material suitable each level). Arranging dialogue = compose missing dialog(for listening, writing and reading, material is depends on any level). Selecting Menu = choose the appropriate menu is heard and make a gist then give presentation (speaking, listrening, Material about tenses, grammar, etc.

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